Operation Blue Star & khalistan Movenment



         khalistan Movement and operation Blue star



khalistan movement is a sikh nationalist  movement ,which seeks to create a separate country called the Khalistan—“The land of pure in the Punjabi religion”.


(Now back to history of Sikh)
 ·         Guru Nanak Dev ji had established the stone of Sikhism

 ·         Guru Ramdas , fourth of the ten guru’s founded the city of Amritsar in the 16th century

·         Fifth guru Arjan Dev constructed Harmandir sahib (Golden Temple) in 1605 and installed the Adi granth there

·         Jahangir killed the guru arjan Dev ji due to which fighting takes place between Mughals and Sikhs

·         17th and 18th century constant clashes with between Mughal empire and Afghan Durrani Empire

·         Now in 18th century Maharaja Ranjit Singh and other Sikhs divided themselves different different missiles.

·         Maharaja Ranjit Singh established their Sikkim Empire 1799 to 1849 Maharaja Ranjit Singh made their empire capital at Lahore




(20th century)

·         Akali Dal formed in 1920 political Sikh religious body

·         Partition 1949 historic religion of Punjab divided between India and Pakistan bloodshed and migration takes place

·         In this migration Punjabi Sikh people think a lot of loss done of Punjabi Sikh people because of huge number of people were killed and their historical Land  were also taken from them.

·         so in this context Sikh group demanded for Sikh majority state

·         In 1956 state reorganization commission had rejected the demand for separate state .

·         lot of irrigation resources water dispute between interstate led to the demand for the autonomy . From this the demand for khalistan arised


From 1951 to 1966 --  the state was divided between Punjab and haryana and Chandigarh made as a UT and all this arrangements of dividing was done on the basis of language speaking people .


(Anandpur sahib resolution 1973)


As we know  in 1966 Punjab and haryana state set  their boundaries on the basis of language but till now also their problems were not over so in Anandpur sahib  ,a meeting took place and resolution passed in 1973.

·         They raised  specific political economic and social issues

·         The nature motivation behind the resolution was the safeguarding of Sikh identity by securing a state structure that was decentralized with non interference from central government

·         This resolution passed and also got very viral as a time passes the resolution was also fade.

·         But again in 1982 the resolution was in very demand as a was raised by the popular personality likebhindranwale and akali Dal


*Indira Gandhi considered the anandpur resolution as the secessionist document so Indira Gandhi rejected this proposal*


Additional information

·         As we know from 1975 to 1977 there was a period of emergency in the country during this emergency and there was a government of Congress in the centre as well as in the Punjab also

·         After emergency in 1977 election Takes place and Congress party lost election and seat in the centre and Punjab both  the akali Dal party formed .

·         As the Congress government lose , the Indira Gandhi want some influencing personality which attract Sikh  votes.


(Emergence of bhindranwale)

·         Jarnail Singh bhindranwale religious scholar who became the head of  Damdami takshila in 1977

·         He opposed nirankari Sikh and was part of deadly clashes with nirankari in 1978

·         As Indira Gandhi want some influencing personality for his party so gyani zail Singh ex CM of Punjab and Sanjay Gandhi supported and support of general Singh to counter the akali Dal hold over Sikh and political in Punjab

 (Burning Punjab)

*Now will talk how the situation goes wrong in Punjab bad to worst*
                         
·         1980 - Congressgovernment formed in Punjab - CM darbara Singh

·         1918 - baba gurbachan Singh leader of nirankari was killed and the blame goes to bhindranwale

·         1981- census started issue of language come to the force

·         The editor of Punjab kesari newspaper lala jagat Narayan was murdered , as a paper had exposed the cause of Hindi language due to which situation moves more wrong and blame goes to bhindranwale.

·         bhindranwale was arrested and release soon as the violence erupted in Punjab which started gaining cult following after this

·         1982 -  bhindranwale + akali Dal started dharam yudh morcha and an agitation for adoption of anandpur sahib resolution

·         November 1982 -  Thread of protest during Asian games by the moment led to frisking of Sikh at Punjab state border

·         1983 -  DIG A.S Atwal was killed on the step of Golden Temple ,situation become more serious

·         October 1983 - 6 Hindu bus passenger were killed , so then the government came in the action and imposed president rule after this event.


(Prelude to Operation blue Star)

·         Militants gathered weapon and ammunition in harmandir sahib

·         15 December 1983 bhindranwale along with his supporter took control of akal takht

·         Indira Gandhi try to negotiate and send a proposal for the akali leaders and bhindranwale but later rejected all proposals by them.

·         Tension between Hindu and Sikh started rising in Punjab as well as other states like haryana  - killing of both Hindus and Sikhs destruction of gurudwaras to place

·         1st June 1984 Punjab put under curfew and communication block

·         Army and paramilitary took OVER

·         News reporter ask to leave Amritsar

(Operation blue Star 1st to 8 June 1984)

·         Objective -  To flush out militants led by bandra wale hold up inside akal takht

·         3rd June 1984 - on the anniversary of the martyrdom of guru arjan, army blocked Golden Temple from outside

·         Pilgrims Were stopped from living by leaving bhadra wale man

·         5th June evening - fighting begin

·         Army took heavy casualties initial as they underestimated the militant firepower
  • The militants had actor tank guns rockets launches machine guns postnatal snipers and fought like trained Militia


·         6th June  - Tanks called as a situation goes worst and attack akal takht

·         Bhindrawale died in the fight and heavy damage to akal takht and library (where old books kept)



(The fallout from  operation blue Star)

·         31st October 1984 Indira Gandhi assassinated by her Sikh bodyguard

·         1985 air India flight kanishka from Montreal to Delhi bombed 329 passenger killed

·         1985 harichand Singh longowal of akal murder as he signed an agreement with PM Rajiv Gandhi

·         1986 journal with the chief of army during bluestar assasinated



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