Bhakti Movement detail study

            

(Bhakti  Movement)

       

Bhakti movement is very important movement which runs from 8th to 16th century in which different- different great personalities had come and spread their teachings.

Firstly the movement start from South and move towards north when it reach to North, as you all know Muslim invasion had done ,when Muslim invasion had done the movement take trun and  spread all over the north and also gone to Asia.

(Movement)

• An  important landmark in the cultural history of medieval India was the silent revolution in society brought by a galaxy of social religious reforms revolution known as the bhakti movement.

• The movement which responsible for many rites and rituals associated with worship of God by Hindus, Muslims ,Sikhs of India subcontinent for example kirtan at Hindu temple ,guruwali at dargah by Muslim and singing of gurbani at gurudwara are all derived from the bhakti movement of mediaeval India 800 to 1700.

• The leader of this Hindu Revivalist movement was shankaracharya a great thinker and distinguished philosopher and this movement was propounded by chaitanya mahaprabhu ,nagadeva tukaram ,Jay Deva the moment major achievement was its abolition of idol worship.

(Origin)

• The movement which emphasized primarily this ideas was the bhakti movement devotion to God bhakti to God was accepted as salvation

• It originated in South India ( saiva , Nayanaras , and vaishnava Alvars) and largely spread throughout India from Karnataka to Maharashtra to Bangal  and northern India.

• The alvaras which literally means “those immeresed in God were vaishnava poet saint , who song praises of Vishnu as they travelled from one place to another place .

• Like the Alvaras , the saiva Nayanaras poet were influential The trumurai , a compilation of hymms on Shiva by sixty-three Nayanaras poet saint developed into an influential scripture in shaivism.

(Nirguna and Saguna)

The bhakti movement was divided into two parts Nirguna and Saguna

• The Bhakti movement of Hinduism show two ways of imagining the nature of divine Brahman nirguna and saguna

Nirguna Brahman most the concept of ultimate reality as formless , without attribute or quality

 Saguna Brahman, in contrast was envisioned and developed as with farm attribute and quality

• it is the same Brahman but viewed from two perspective one from             Nirguni knowledge focus and other sarguna love focus United as Krishna in the Gita.

• nirgun bhakti poet were Jnana- shayari or had roots in knowledge. saguna bhakti poetry were Prema shayari or with root in love

(Features)

 1.     United of god or one God

 2.    Bhakti intense love and devotion only way to salvation

 3.   Temptation of the true name

 4.    Self surrender

 5.    Condemnation of rituals and ceremonies and blind faith

 6.     rejection of idol worship by many saints

 7.    Open mindedness about deciding religious matter

 8.   No distribution of different caste higher or lower

(Expansion)

• The Sufi saint of the Muslim also in emphasized to Allah God The spiritual Yearning made Kabir guru nanak, mirabai, surdas, tulsidas, chaitanya, and other the great exponents of bhakti movement.

• A more effective method For spreading of ideology was the use of local language.

• Under the impact of Muslim rule the Hindu had suffered a lot materially morally and spiritually the Muslim rulers in journal wanted to and force the Islam laws on the Hindu

• during the course of this time server evil practices has had script into the Hindu society there was a lot of caste and class distinction several division had occurred.

• Fortunately with the foreign invader some Sufi Muslim saint had also come to India and settled here. They were very liberally minded they are emphasized the virtue of  love and division brotherhood and equality This helped to bring the two communities near it also help to to harmonise the conflicting interest.

• The Hindu realised that it was difficult to drive away the Muslim rulers and Muslim from India on the other hand the Muslim also appreciated that the Hindus were in absolute majority and it was impossible to force all of them to embrace Islam. so under the impact of the new movement both sides started making efforts for coming closer to each other.

• Bhakti saint were social reformers also .They can condemned several social evils .The Sufi saint like khwaja Muinuddin chisti , Bkhyiya kaki , Nizamufin aukia and nasiruddin chirag-i-delhi etc. attempted to restrain  the the fanaticism of the Muslim and try to bring them near to the Hindus.

(Impact)

• The most important social impact on bhakti movement was that the follower of the bhakti movement rejected the caste distinction they begin to mix together on the basis of equality there to their meals together from common kitchen.

• The moment are crossed awakening among the Hindus and Muslims regarding the fertility of ritualism and superstition .The feeling of appreciation of the difference between the thought and practices of the two religion emerge. The moment encouraged religious toleration.

• The moment attempted to infuse a spirit of piety in the daily life of the people .it earning of wealth through hard work and honest means. Encouraged the value of social service to the poor and needy. it developed a humanitarian attitude.

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